Sensitivity analysis and optimization of heat transfer in the time-reliant magnetohydrodynamic bioconvective flow of radiative couple-stress hybrid nanofluid through a squeezing channel with viscous dissipation: Entropy analysis

Abstract

This research presents a statistical investigation of heat transmission in the time-reliant flow of blood-based hybrid nanofluid-containing microorganisms via a squeezing permeable channel utilizing a couple-stress non-Newtonian fluid model. Nanoparticles of SWCNT (single-wall carbon nanotubes) and MWCNT (multi-wall carbon nanotubes) are incorporated in the base liquid due to their low toxicity, special physio-chemical characteristics, and suitable surface modifications. In addition, chemical reactions, heat sources and sinks, radiation, viscous dissipation, and an external magnetic field impact the flow. The current numerical study stands out because it optimizes heat transmission rate using a face-centered central composite design framework with RSM (Response Surface Methodology) and analyses its sensitivity toward effective parameters. Examining the system's efficiency by evaluating the entropy produced in the flow process is another noteworthy part of this research. The complex system of interrelated non-linear partial differential equations is converted into a set of ordinary differential equations using suitable transformations. Later, solved via a semi-analytical technique, HAM (homotopy analysis method). According to the outcomes of the comparison, the hybrid nanofluid (blood/SWCNT-MWCNT) outperforms the nanofluid (blood/SWCNT) in terms of thermal performance. The rates of thermal energy transmission are very sensitive to the Eckert number and somewhat least affected by thermal radiation. Nanofluids and hybrid nanofluids have their heat transmission rates improved by including nanoparticles, heightened radiation, and magnetic effects. The system produces more entropy when the magnetic parameter and Eckert number are higher; however, it can be minimized by controlling the radiation effect. The results have important consequences for engineering industries, especially in the development and improvement of biomedical equipment and drug delivery systems, where accurate management heat transfer is crucial.