Sensitive voltammetric sensor based on Isopropanol–Nafion–PSS–GR nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode for determination of Clenbuterol in pork

Abstract

In the present study, poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) functionalized graphene (GR) was synthesised via a simple one-step chemical reduction of exfoliated graphite oxides in the presence of PSS. Characterisation of as-made nanocomposite using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy (UV–vis) clearly demonstrate the successful attachment of PSS to graphene sheets. A novel clenbuterol (CLB) electrochemical sensor was fabricated based on isopropanol–Nafion–PSS–GR composite film modified glassy carbon electrode. In the Britton–Robinson buffer (pH 1.2), the sensor exhibited superior electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of CLB. Applying linear sweep voltammetry, a good linear relationship of the oxidation peak current with respect to concentrations of CLB cross the range of 7.5×10−8–2.5×10−5molL−1 and a detection limit of 2.2×10−8molL−1 were achieved. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of CLB in pork.