Sensitive Quantification of Fe(III) in Food Samples at Screen Printed Carbon Electrode Modified with Graphene and Piroxicam by Catalytic Adsorptive Voltammetry

Abstract

AbstractA new disposable sensitive voltammetric sensor for the determination of Fe(III) based on a graphene (G) and piroxicam (Pir) modified screen printed carbon electrode (Pir/G/SPCE) has been developed. The developed method is based on accumulation of Fe(III) on the surface of the prepared sensor strip, formation a complex with Pir and subsequent reduction the adsorbed chelated Fe(III) at −0.03 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) coupled with the catalytic enhancement of bromate. Characterizations of the modified electrode surface were performed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Electrochemical behavior of the modified SPCEs was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Under the optimum conditions, the catalytic voltammetric method exhibited linear calibration plot in the concentration ranges of 1–100 ng mL−1 and 100–3500 ng mL−1 Fe(III) with a limit of detection of 0.3 ng mL−1. The sensor strip displayed good reproducibility with 1.7 % relative standard deviation (RSD%). The developed method was successfully applied for the determination of iron in food samples such as vegetables, fruit, and cereal.