Abstract
Male moths efficiently recognize conspecific sex pheromones thanks to their highly accurate and specific olfactory system. The Heliothis/Helicoverpa species are regarded as good models for studying the perception of sex pheromones. In this study, we performed a series of experiments to investigate the peripheral mechanisms of pheromone coding in two-closely related species, Helicoverpa armigera and H. assulta. The morphology and distribution patterns of sensilla trichoidea are similar between the two species when observed at the scanning electron microscope, but their performances are different. In H. armigera, three functional types of sensilla trichoidea (A, B and C) were found to respond to different pheromone components, while in H. assulta only two types of such sensilla (A and C) could be detected. The response profiles of all types of sensilla trichoidea in the two species well matched the specificities of the pheromone receptors (PRs) expressed in the same sensilla, as measured in voltage-clamp experiments. The expressions of PRs in neighboring olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) within the same trichoid sensillum were further confirmed by in situ hybridization. Our results show how the same pheromone components can code for different messages at the periphery of two Helicoverpa species.
Highlights
Within insect olfaction, the detection of specific pheromones is a attractive system to investigate
Among the different proteins involved in insect olfaction, odorant binding proteins (OBPs), chemosensory proteins (CSPs), odorant receptors (ORs), ionotropic receptors (IRs), and the sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs)[3,10,11], ORs play a central role in the activation of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs)
Aim of this work was to understand how peripheral coding contributes to different behaviour in the two species H. armigera and H. assulta using the same pheromone components in different ratios
Summary
The detection of specific pheromones is a attractive system to investigate. The most represented sensilla, type A, housed two neurons, one tuned to the major pheromone component (Z11-16:Ald), the other to still unknown stimuli.
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