Sensibilidade auditiva e condições de orelha média com e sem tubo de ventilação na fissura labiopalatina

Abstract

ABSTRACT Purpose To characterize and compare hearing and middle ear status in patients with cleft lip and palate with or without a history of ventilation tube insertion. Methods Retrospective study that involved the analysis of 463 medical records of patients with non-syndromic repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate. Otoscopy, immittance measures, audiometry and ventilation tube history over 10 years were analyzed. Results From 440 medical records included in the study, 254 (58%) had a history of VT insertion, while 186 (42%) did not. The percentage of abnormal findings in otoscopic examination was consistently higher for ears with a history of VT and statistical analysis revealed an association between history of VT and fluid in the middle ear (p<0.001); tympanic opacification (p<0.001); tympanic retraction (p<0.001) tympanic perforation (p<0.001) and tympanosclerosis (p<0.001). The type B tympanometric curve was observed in 46.4% of ears with a history of present VT, compared to 16.3% in individuals with an absent history of VT (p<0.001) and the difference of 30.1% between groups was significant (p<0.001), indicating association between VT and type B curve. Hearing loss was more frequent in ears with a history of VT (34.2%), when compared to ears without this history (10.4%), with a statistically significant difference (p<0.001), indicating positive association between VT and hearing loss. Conclusion Worse otoscopic and auditory results were found in patients with cleft lip and palate with a history of VT.