Abstract
The paper considers the feeling of security among inmates in Polish prisons and detention facilities. The adopted methods include the diagnostic survey method, and statistical and comparative analysis method, including factor analysis. The research conducted in five randomly selected Polish prisons and detention facilities included a sample of 392 inmates. Factors significant for the physical and social prison space were analysed. No correlation was found between the sense of security of persons deprived of their liberty and the time spent in a residential cell and the duration of stay and number of transfers in the prison/detention facility. However, it was noted that with the age increase, the “anxiety” of first-time inmates who did not participate in the subculture of prison cryptolect decreased (N=72, Spearman’s rho correlation = -0.247, p < 0.05) and the “fear of inmates’ threatening behaviour” among the prisoners who served a prison sentence again, and who did not participate in the subculture of prison cryptolect, was reduced (N=262, Spearman’s rho correlation = -0.221, p < 0.01). It was also found that the greater the number of inmates in a residential cell, the lower the “fear of inmates’ threatening behaviour” (N=48, Kendall’s tau-b correlation =-0.293, p < 0.01) among the participants in the subculture of prison cryptolect who serve a prison sentence again.
Highlights
Safety, which is an interdisciplinary concept, may be understood as an objective or subjective state
In the case of prisoners serving a prison sentence again, who do not participate in the subculture of prison cryptolect, the correlation coefficient indicates that the greater the variability in the composition of the residential cell, the lower the “fear of inmates’ threatening behaviour” (N=262, Spearman’s rho correlation=-0.167, p < 0.01)
There is a weak, positive relationship between the time left until the end of the sentence among the inmates serving prison sentence again, who do not participate in the subculture of prison cryptolect and the “anxiety” factor (N=262, Spearman’s rho correlation=0.161, p
Summary
Safety, which is an interdisciplinary concept, may be understood as an objective or subjective state. Recognizing the importance of safety, Abraham Maslow states that it is only in extreme situations (war, social disorganization, chronically difficult situations) that safety becomes a dominant factor that motivates to action He identifies individuals (e.g. some neurotics, people suffering from obsessive-compulsive neurosis) whose perception of the world is disturbed, and who may lose this sense of security unexpectedly and relatively . It seems that the factors that may remain in relation to the feeling of security of persons deprived of their liberty should be viewed in two main areas. The areas identified as certain entities, while remaining in a relationship, can shape prison interactions and, as a response to the behaviour of a person deprived of their liberty, influence their feeling of security. The present study analyses the feeling of security that is dependent on the behaviour of co-prisoners
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