Senescence of the immune system and alterations related with asthma

Abstract

Senescence is an irreversible process by which cells enter to a permanent cell cycle arrest with generalized molecular changes. Senescent cells remain metabolically active and most of them show a secretory phenotype; through its secretion may induce senescence or cancer in other cells. The secretory cells in the so-called transient senescence may participate in embryogenesis, tissue regeneration and immune response. The deleterious changes associated with age affect the immune system members and the immune senescence cause poor response to vaccines and susceptibility to cancer and infections. These latter are a frequent cause of asthma mostly in the elderly, the incidence is increasing in old people, and it may be related with those anatomical, physiological and immune changes caused by age, asthma chronicity and external agents. Comorbidity in the elderly worsens the ailment and hinders diagnosis, therefore, knowledge and handling of these clinical entities must be in control by the physicians responsible of the first level attention to old patients.