Abstract
AbstractExotic ambrosia beetles (Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in the tribe Xyleborini include destructive pests of trees growing in horticultural cropping systems. Three species are especially problematic:Xylosandrus compactus(Eichhoff),Xylosandrus crassiusculus(Motschulsky), andXylosandrus germanus(Blandford). Due to similarities in their host tree interactions, this mini-review focuses on these three species with the goal of describing their host-selection behaviour, characterising associated semiochemicals, and assessing how these interactions relate to their management. All three of theseXylosandrusspp. attack a broad range of trees and shrubs. Physiologically stressed trees are preferentially attacked byX. crassiusculusandX. germanus, but the influence of stress on host selection byX. compactusis less clear. Ethanol is emitted from weakened trees in response to a variety of stressors, and it represents an important attractant for all three species. Other host-derived compounds tested are inconsistent or inactive. Verbenone inhibits attraction to ethanol, but the effect is inconsistent and does not prevent attacks. Integrating repellents and attractants into a push–pull management strategy has been ineffective for reducing attacks but could be optimised further. Overall, maintaining host vigour and minimising stress-induced ethanol are keys for managing these insects, particularlyX. crassiusculusandX. germanus.
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