Semi-micro reversed-phase liquid chromatography for the separation of alkyl benzenes and proteins exploiting methacrylate- and polystyrene-based monolithic columns.

Abstract

Monolithic columns were synthesized inside 1.02 mm internal diameter fused-silica lined stainless-steel tubing. Styrene and butyl, hexyl, lauryl, and glycidyl methacrylates were the functional monomers. Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and divinylbenzene were the crosslinkers. The glycidyl methacrylate polymer was modified with gold nanoparticles and dodecanethiol (C12 ). The separation of alkylbenzenes was investigated by isocratic elution in 60:40 v/v acetonitrile/water. The columns based on polystyrene-co-divinylbenzene and poly(glycidyl methacrylate)-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate modified with dodecanethiol did not provide any separation of alkyl benzenes. The poly(hexyl methacrylate)-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and poly(lauryl methacrylate)-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate columns separated the alkyl benzenes with plate heights between 30 and 60 μm (50 μL min(-1) and 60°C). Similar efficiency was achieved in the poly(butyl methacrylate)-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate column, but only at 10 μL min(-1) (0.22 mm s(-1) ). Backpressures varied from 0.38 MPa in the hexyl methacrylate to 13.4 MPa in lauryl methacrylate columns (50 μL min(-1) and 60°C). Separation of proteins was achieved in all columns with different efficiencies. At 100 μL min(-1) and 60°C, the lauryl methacrylate columns provided the best separation, but their low permeability prevented high flow rates. Flow rates up to 500 μL min(-1) were possible in the styrene, butyl and hexyl methacrylate columns.