Abstract
Blood clams (Anadara granosa) are endemic clams found in Southeast Asia and East Asia. Blood clams are widely consumed by the public as seafood dishes in coastal food stalls. The great potential of blood clams will increase the waste of clam shells produced. The accumulation of shellfish waste will cause pollution and reduce environmental aesthetics. The chitin content in blood clam shells can be used as chitosan. Chitosan is a polymer of -(1-4) glucosamine which is formed when the acetyl group in chitin is substituted by hydrogen to become an amine group. Chitosan has antibacterial and antifungal properties. Isolation of chitosan was carried out through the stages of demineralization, deproteination, and deacetylation. The limited use of laboratories during the pandemic is a major obstacle in the isolation process of chitosan. This study aims to process blood clam shell waste into chitosan in a simple way on a home scale. Processing includes deproteination, demineralization, and deacetylation were done using tools and materials available at home. Laboratory equipment such as beakers could be replaced with pots, the reflux process was replaced by using a cloth to filter, and measuring cups were replaced with glasses. The research used 1500 grams of blood clam shell powder and produced 1050 grams of white chitosan with a slightly hard texture
Highlights
Blood clam (Anadara granosa) is one of the marine biotas of the genus Anadara with the characteristics of having a clean white thick oval shell with a wavy surface (Dewi et al, 2019)
This study aims to process blood clam shell waste into simple chitosan on a home scale
Clam shells have the potential to be used as chitosan because they contain chitin
Summary
Blood clam (Anadara granosa) is one of the marine biotas of the genus Anadara with the characteristics of having a clean white thick oval shell with a wavy surface (Dewi et al, 2019). The limited use of laboratories became the main obstacle in the chitosan isolation process. This is because the isolation process requires tools and materials available in the laboratory. Based on these problems, this study aims to process blood clam shell waste into simple chitosan on a home scale. The process carried out in the research is a process of modification and innovation by utilizing simple equipment and is expected to help provide a reference for making chitosan independently
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