Semiempirical Solid State Shifts in the Auger-and Photoelectron Energies

Abstract

Kinetic energy shifts of the Auger and photoelectrons between free atoms and their solid samples are studied for three series of consecutive elements: Na to Si, Cu to Se and Pd to Ba. The free atom binding and Auger energies are evaluated semiempirically for the elements for which experimental atomic data are not available. The obtained energies are also compared to the corresponding values from other calculation methods. With the aid of calculated atomic Auger energies and measured molecular Auger spectra also the molecular Auger shifts are obtained for several molecules. Experimental values for solid state shifts are obtained either from direct simultaneous vapour-solid measurements or from comparison between calculated or measured atomic energies and separate solid state measurements. The solid state Auger shifts are also calculated by applying the thermochemical model to the Auger process. Good agreement between calculated and experimental shift values are found through the studied series.