Abstract
A possibility of creation of stable optical solitons combining one continuous and one discrete coordinates, with embedded vorticity, in an array of planar waveguides with intrinsic cubic–quintic (CQ) nonlinearity is demonstrated. The same system may be realized in terms of the spatiotemporal light propagation in an array of tunnel‐coupled optical fibers with the CQ nonlinearity. In contrast with zero‐vorticity states, semidiscrete vortex solitons do not exist without the quintic term in the nonlinearity. Two types of the solitons, viz., intersite‐centered (IC) and onsite‐centered (OC) ones, with even and odd numbers N of actually excited sites in the discrete direction, are identified. The modes carrying the embedded vorticity and 2 are considered. In accordance with their symmetry, the vortex solitons of the OC type exhibit an intrinsic core, whereas the IC solitons with small N may have a coreless structure. Facilitating their creation in the experiment, the modes reported in the present work may be much more compact states than their counterparts considered in other systems, and they feature strong anisotropy. They can be set in motion in the discrete direction, provided that the coupling constant exceeds a certain minimum value. Collisions between moving vortex solitons are also considered.
Highlights
The creation of stable solitons in multidimensional geometry is a subject of intensive ongoing research in nonlinear optics, Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs), and other fields [1, 2]
One possibility is the use of spatially periodic potentials, induced by photonic crystals in optics [5,6,7] and by optical lattices in BEC [8, 9]
We have introduced the spatial-domain model for stacked set of tunnel-coupled planar waveguides with the combination of intrinsic self-focusing and defocusing cubic and quintic nonlinearities
Summary
The creation of stable solitons in multidimensional geometry is a subject of intensive ongoing research in nonlinear optics, Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs), and other fields [1, 2]. Experiments have revealed soliton-like multidimensional matter-wave states, in the form of quantum droplets (QDs), filled by an incompressible ultradilute quantum fluid [31], in dipolar BECs [32,33,34], and in binary condensates with contact interactions [35,36,37,38,39] The latter experiments followed the prediction of the stabilization of the QDs by the Lee-Huang-Yang (LHY) correction to the mean-field interactions [40], reported in Refs. This setting may be naturally considered as a semidiscrete one.
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