Abstract
The rise of high energy astrophysics and solar physics inthe 20th century is linked to the development of space telescopes; since the1960s they have given access to the X-ray and gamma-ray sky, revealing themost violent phenomena in the Universe. Research and developments in imagingconcepts and sensing materials haven't stopped since yet to improve thesensitivity of the X-ray and gamma-ray observatories. The paper proposes anoverview of instrument realizations and focuses on the innovative detectiontechniques and technologies for applications from 0.1 keV to 10 MeV energyrange. Solid-state detectors are prominent solutions for spaceinstrumentation because of their excellent imaging and spectroscopiccapabilities with limited volume and power resources. Various detectionconcepts based on semiconductors (Compton camera, Cd(Zn)Te pixel hybrids,DePFET active pixel sensors) are under design or fabrication for thenear-future missions like Astro-H, BepiColombo, Solar Orbiter. Newtechnologies on sensing materials, front-end electronics, interconnectprocesses are under study for the next generation of instruments to pushback our knowledge of star and galaxy formation and evolution.
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