Abstract
Recently we established a sintering approach, namely Cold Sintering Process (CSP), to densify ceramics and ceramic-polymer composites at extraordinarily low temperatures. In this work, the microstructures and semiconducting properties of V2O5 ceramic and (1-x)V2O5-xPEDOT:PSS composites cold sintered at 120°C were investigated. The electrical conductivity (25°C), activation energy (25°C), and Seebeck coefficient (50°C) of V2O5 are 4.8×10−4S/cm, 0.25eV, and −990μV/K, respectively. The conduction mechanism was studied using a hopping model. A reversible metal-insulator transition (MIT) was observed with V2O5 samples exposed to a N2 atmosphere, whereas in a vacuum atmosphere, no obvious MIT could be detected. With the addition of 1–2 Vol% PEDOT:PSS, the electrical conductivity (50°C) dramatically increases from 10−4 to 10−3∼10−2S/cm, and the Seebeck coefficient (50°C) shifts from −990 to −(600∼250) μV/K. All the results indicate that CSP may offer a new processing route for the semiconductor electroceramic development without a compromise to the all-important electrical properties.
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