Abstract
IntroductionInvasive and semi-invasive pulmonary aspergillosis usually occurs in immunocompromised patients. It has been described occasionally in patients with normal immunity and previous lung disease such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Swyer-James-MacLeod Syndrome is a rare condition characterized by hyperlucency of one lung, lobe or part of a lobe due to decreased vascularity and air trapping.Case presentationWe report a case of semi-invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in a 38-year-old Portuguese, Caucasian man who is immunocompetent, with a pre-existing Swyer-James-McLeod Syndrome, a structural lung disease.ConclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case in the literature on the relationship between these two diseases. Although rare, aspergillosis can occur in immunocompetent adults with a pre-existing lung disease other than chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder.
Highlights
Invasive and semi-invasive pulmonary aspergillosis usually occurs in immunocompromised patients
Aspergillosis can occur in immunocompetent adults with a pre-existing lung disease other than chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder
It has been described in the presence of pulmonary disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), but it can occur in patients without pre-existent disease, usually following massive inoculums of Aspergillus
Summary
This is an original case report of interest to pulmonary and infectious disease specialities. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first instance in the literature that the fact that semi-invasive aspergillosis can occur in immunocompetent adults with pre-existing lung disease other than COPD is highlighted. It is known that SJMS predisposes patients to lung infections and has some similarities with COPD that could point out to potential fungal infections. In such patients, prevention of environmental exposure should be attempted. 3. Thommi G, Bell G, Liu J, Nugent K: Spectrum of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in immunocompetent patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 4. Raja NS, Singh NN: Disseminated invasive aspergillosis in an apparently immunocompetent host.
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