Abstract
Measurement of the distribution of hadronic energy in the final state in deeply inelastic electron scattering at HERA can provide a good test of our understanding of perturbative QCD. For this purpose, we define an energy distribution function, which can be computed in terms of parton distribution functions for the incoming hadron without involving parton decay functions for the outgoing partons. We expand the energy distribution in terms of functions of certain angles times scalar functions that describe the hadronic structure. Finally, we compute these hadronic structure functions (away from the direction corresponding to zerotransverse momentum) at order α s. The gluon-initiated contribution can yield as much as 50% of the total; therefore, this process can play a significant role in determining the gluon distribution.
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