Abstract
Electric DC and AC measurements and dielectric investigations have been carried out on some Plio-Qaternary basalt of Hemat Madam volcano from Sana’a-Amran volcanic field (SAVF). In this article we focus primarily on the field aspects and the main characteristic mineralogical and petrographic features of this inactive volcano. Using DC and AC experimental arrangements we discovered excellent electrical characteristics for this inactive volcano. The results of DC electrical resistivity versus a temperature reveal that all the samples have semiconductor characters. Moreover, the measurements showed that these samples have high resistive extrinsic semiconductors (ρDC ~ 109 Ω·m). AC and dielectric measurements were ensured the semi-conductivity and normal dielectric behavior of these samples. AC measurements reveal that the classical barrier hopping model (CBH) is the predominant conduction mechanism, while at low temperature region small polarons may contribute to the conduction in the samples. The samples have low values for dielectric constant e' and low loss factor tanδ (e' ~ 27 and tanδ ~ 0.7 at 200 Hz for the sample BA7). Then, the semicodutor behavior, the high values of DC/AC resistivity and low loss dissipation factor considered a very good characterization for magnetic semiconductor materials. So, we can predict that, the studied natural materials represent newborn promising material sciences for many more technological applications.
Highlights
Continental flood basalts represent some of the largest volcanic provinces at the Earth’s surface
The Sana’a-Amran volcanic field (SAVF) is characterized by scoriaceous basalt, but they are slightly different in mineralogical composition from volcano to another one [5]
The samples have a high DC electrical resistivity at room temperature ranged from 1010 to ~1011 Ω∙cm (Table 2). This behavior of ρDC(T) for all samples is similar to the behavior of magnetic semiconductor materials, where the conductivity was activated by temperature
Summary
Continental flood basalts represent some of the largest volcanic provinces at the Earth’s surface. They have formed sporadically throughout the geological record with the upwelling of the hot spots [1] [2]. The Sana’a-Amran volcanic field (SAVF) is characterized by scoriaceous basalt, but they are slightly different in mineralogical composition from volcano to another one [5]. The Hemat Madam volcano is a part of Sana’a-Amran volcanic field and is located at the intersection of 15 ̊30'8'' lat. Our main goal of the present work gives rise to the techniques of determination of electrical and dielectrical properties of well-characterized scoriaceous basaltic rock samples. Away from the attention of geologists, we will make a confirmatory study on these samples after grinding and adding new elements to it and sintering the samples at high temperatures, after that we will determine the same parameters in details
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