Abstract
In Cameroon in general and in the Highlands of Cameroon in particular, there is no fracture map since its realization is not easy. The region’s harsh accessibility and climatic conditions make it difficult to carry out geological prospecting field missions that require large investments. This study proposes a semi-automatic lineament mapping approach to facilitate the elaboration of the fracture map in the West Cameroon Highlands. It uses neural networks in tandem with PCI Geomatica’s LINE algorithm to extract lineaments semi-automatically from an ALOS PALSAR 2 radar image. The cellular neural network algorithm of Lepage et al (2000) is implemented to enhance the pre-processed radar image. Then, the LINE module of Geomatica is applied to the enhanced image for the automatic extraction of lineaments. Finally, a control and a validation of the expert by spatial analysis allows elaborating the fracture map. The results obtained show that neural networks enhance and facilitate the identification of lineaments on the image. The resulting map contains more than 1800 fractures with major directions N20° - 30°, NS, N10° - 20°, N50° - 60°, N70° - 80°, N80° - 90°, N100° - 110°, N110° - 120° and N130° - 140° and N140° - 150°. It can be very useful for geological and hydrogeological studies, and especially to inform on the productivity of aquifers in this region of high agro-pastoral and mining interest for Cameroon and the Central African sub-region.
Highlights
Fracture mapping is very important in mining and hydrogeological prospecting
The application of cellular neural networks allows us to see large gashes that were masked by vegetation on the raw image
This study has shown that ALOS PALSAR 2 satellite images are well suited to the
Summary
Fracture mapping is very important in mining and hydrogeological prospecting. Fractures promote the circulation of water and facilitate the location of favorable targets for mineralization exploration. A hierarchical mapping of fractures allows to orientate the prospecting during the reconnaissance phase and to bring new ideas on potential traps. In the Western Cameroon Highlands in general, geological maps date from the colonial period [1] [2] [3]. The identification of fractures from field missions has been limited by the difficulty of access to the region. The main obstacles are generally the large area to cover and other natural factors (rivers, mountains, dense woodlands) that make this approach expensive and time consuming for the state of Cameroon
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