Abstract
Este estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar o efeito do extrato aquoso de folhas de nim sobre a germinação e incidência de fungos em sementes de três cultivares (Serrinha, BR-17 e Maranhão) de feijão-caupi. Folhas de nim foram secas, trituradas e preparadas diluições de 0,5; 1,0; 2,0 e 4,0 g dm-3 e testemunha. Avaliou-se a incidência de fungos, pelo teste de papel de filtro e a germinação de acordo com as Regras para Análise de Sementes. Nas três cultivares analisadas, observouse redução na incidência de Aspergillus sp e Fusarium sp. Em relação à influência dos extratos das folhas de nim sobre a germinação das sementes, observou efeito significativo do extrato na cultivar Maranhão, onde todas as concentrações diferiram da testemunha e proporcionaram aumento considerável na porcentagem de plântulas normais. Conclui- se que o extrato de folhas de nim foi efetivo no controle de Aspergillus sp, Fusarium sp, Phoma sp e Macrophomina phaseolina em diferentes concentrações nos diferentes cultivares e a germinação das sementes foi estimulada para a cultivar Maranhão Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of neem on germination and fungi incidence on seeds of three cultivars (Serrinha, BR 17 and Maranhão) of cowpea. Neem leaves were dryed, crushed and prepared dilutions of 0.5; 1.0; 2.0, 4.0 g dm-3 and control. The fungi incidence was evaluated by the test filter paper and germination according to the Rules for Seeds Testing (Regras para Análise de Sementes). In the three cultivars analyzed, reduction in the incidence of Aspergillus sp and Fusarium sp was observed. In relation to the influence of extracts of neem leaves on seed germination, significant effect of extract in Maranhão cultivar was observed, where all concentrations differed from the control, and propovided a considerable increase in the percentage of normal seedlings. It was concluded that the leaf extract of neem was effective in controlling Aspergillus sp, Fusarium sp , Phoma sp and Macrophomina phaseolina at different concentrations in different cultivars and seed germination was stimulated for the Maranhão cultivar.
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