Abstract
The relevance of the paper is determined by the intensification of international and intercultural contacts contributing to further promotion of the Russian language lexical system enrichment. The paper is devoted to the study and scientific analysis of neologisms of the French origin in the Russian language of modern period in terms of semantic adaptation of the foreign word in the recipient language. The basic mechanisms of reception and adaptation of the French language ethno-cultural components in the Russian language were identified through the analysis of various sources, including etymological, defining, and foreign dictionaries. This article describes four basic mechanisms of lexical-semantic assimilation of the foreign words in the Russian language environment (narrowing or expanding of the semantic range of a word; semantic structure sustainability; semantic shift). The study data of the article suggest the universal character of the proposed analysis criteria that can be applied to foreign language vocabulary of any language of any etymology.
Highlights
The problem of language contact and borrowings is one of the central issues in historical and modern lexicology
The relevance of the paper is determined by the intensification of international and intercultural contacts contributing to further promotion of the Russian language lexical system enrichment
The paper is devoted to the study and scientific analysis of neologisms of the French origin in the Russian language of modern period in terms of semantic adaptation of the foreign word in the recipient language
Summary
The problem of language contact and borrowings is one of the central issues in historical and modern lexicology. It is a common knowledge that borrowing is one of the most important universal sources of any language vocabulary replenishment. This problem is relevant in the Russian language of the contemporary history due to the dramatic socio-economic transformation of the Russian society, the development of international cooperation and intercultural communication. Close international cooperation contributes to an active process of enriching the vocabulary of the Russian language lexical units of foreign origin. Vocabulary of the French origin represents a significant corpus in the modern Russian standard language. L.Galdi’s words are still relevant: "... the systematic study of the Latin elements will significantly advance the analysis of all the words borrowed into the Russian language, as well as into other Slavic languages" (Galdi, 1958)
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