Abstract
Abstract. Research in the field of Cultural Heritage is increasingly moving towards the creation of digital information systems, in which the geometric representation of an artifact is linked to some external information, through meaningful tags. The process of attributing additional and structured information to various elements in a given digital model is customarily identified with the term semantic annotation; the added contextual information is associated, for instance, to analysis and conservation terms. Starting from the existing literature, aim of this work is to discuss how semantic annotations are used, in digital architectural heritage models, to link the geometrical representation of an artefact with knowledge-related information. Most consolidated methods -such as traditional mapping on 2D media, are compared with more recent approaches making the most of 3D representation. Reference is made, in particular, to Heritage-BIM techniques and to collaborative reality-based platforms, such as Aïoli (http://aioli.cloud). Potentialities and limits of the different solutions proposed in literature are critically discussed, also addressing future research challenges in Cultural Heritage application fields.
Highlights
In recent years, developments in computer graphics have increasingly fostered in virtual environments the use and exploitation of digital models, aiming to replicate real and existing objects
Beyond the plain and consolidated techniques of sharing and visualization of architectural heritage models, the challenges of current research aim at a further achievement, which concerns the generation of digital information systems
The semantic annotation allows to link the geometric representation of the object to complementary information produced within heritage studies
Summary
Developments in computer graphics have increasingly fostered in virtual environments the use and exploitation of digital models, aiming to replicate real and existing objects. Beyond the plain and consolidated techniques of sharing and visualization of architectural heritage models, the challenges of current research aim at a further achievement, which concerns the generation of digital information systems. Through systems of such kind, the geometrical model can be associated with valuable information relating to documentation, preservation, conservation and restoration activities over the heritage asset. Digital contents can be a meaningful and effective tool, in charge of archeologists, restorers, conservators, engineers and architects, to support the study and analysis of a given architectural object or site In pursuing this objective, it is essential to create a link between purely geometric representation (derived from the 3D model) and semantic representation (associated with external and complementary information about the architectural artifact).
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