Self-sacrificial template synthesis of Fe, N co-doped porous carbon as efficient oxygen reduction electrocatalysts towards Zn-air battery application

Abstract

Designing highly efficient non-precious based electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is of significance for the rapid development of metal-air batteries. Herein, a hydrothermal-pyrolysis method is employed to fabricate Fe, N co-doped porous carbon materials as effective ORR electrocatalyst through adopting graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) as both the self-sacrificial templates and N sources. The g-C3N4 provides a high concentration of unsaturated pyridine-type N to coordinate with iron to form Fe-N active sites. Through adjusting the Fe doping amounts, it is proved that appropriate Fe doping content is conducive to the construction of abundant defects and active sites of Fe-N. The as-prepared catalyst exhibits superior electrocatalytic ORR performance in alkaline media with half-wave potential (E1/2 = 0.82 V) and onset potential (Eonset = 0.95 V), equivalent to the commercial Pt/C catalyst. Moreover, there is almost no activity loss after 10 k continuous cyclic voltammetry cycles and methanol tolerance, indicating the excellent durability and superior methanol tolerance. Remarkably, when assembled as the cathode in a Zn-air battery, the device displays a power density of 99 mW/cm2, an open-circuit potential of 1.48 V and long-term discharge-charge cycling stability, indicating the promising potential to substitute the Pt catalyst for practical application.