Abstract
BACKGROUND: Chronic low back pain is a major cause of disability, lost wages, and high health care costs. Increased pain rumination and lower resilience have been shown to be associated with increased pain severity. In contrast, higher levels of self-efficacy may benefit patients with chronic low back by reducing pain severity. Objectives: To examine the influence of self-efficacy on the relationship among pain rumination, resilience, and pain severity in patients with chronic low back pain. Methods: A sub-sample of participants from a previous cross-sectional study were evaluated and consisted of men and women (N=19) with chronic low back pain (> 6 months) enrolled from an outpatient pain clinic.
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