Self-duality of the lattice of transfer systems via weak factorization systems

Abstract

Let $p$ be a prime. A pro-$p$ group $G$ is said to be 1-smooth if it can be endowed with a homomorphism of pro-$p$ groups $G\to1+p\mathbb{Z}_p$ satisfying a formal version of Hilbert 90. By Kummer theory, maximal pro-$p$ Galois groups of fields containing a root of 1 of order $p$, together with the cyclotomic character, are 1-smooth. We prove that a finitely generated $p$-adic analytic pro-$p$ group is 1-smooth if, and only if, it occurs as the maximal pro-$p$ Galois group of a field containing a root of 1 of order $p$. This gives a positive answer to De Clerq-Florence's "Smoothness Conjecture" - which states that the Rost-Voevodsky Theorem (a.k.a. Bloch-Kato Conjecture) follows from 1-smoothness - for the class of finitely generated $p$-adic analytic pro-$p$ groups.