Abstract
ObjectivesTo assess self-care practices and associated factors among hypertensive patients in Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital 2017/2018.ResultGood self-care practice was found only among 20.3% of respondents. Adherence to not smoking, anti-hypertensive medication, alcohol abstinence, dietary management, physical exercise and weight management was found to be 99.1%, 74.10%, 67.20%, 63.10%, 49.4% and 40.6% respectively. Sex (AOR = 2.254, 95% CI 1.092–4.653), age (AOR = 3.265, 95% CI 1.030–10.355), educational status (AOR = 4.205, 95% CI 1.304–13.559), disease duration (AOR = 3.124, 95% CI 1.204–8.105), BP status (AOR = 2.728, 95% CI 1.256–5.926) and knowledge (AOR = 6.196, 95% CI 2.906–13.214) showed significant statistical association with self-care practice.
Highlights
Hypertension known as “the silent killer” is a major public health problem both in developed and developing countries [1]
World health organization (WHO) develops Global Action Plan on; (1) 25% reduction in non-communicable diseases (NCDs); (2) 10% reduction in alcohol use; (3) 10% reduction in insufficient physical activity; (4) 30% reduction in mean population salt intake; (5) 30% reduction in tobacco use; (6) 25% reduction in prevalence of raised blood pressure (BP); (7) 0% increase in obesity and diabetes; (8) at least 50% rate of eligible people receiving drug therapy to prevent heart attack and stroke to be achieved by 2025 using the year 2010 as the baseline [22]
This finding is consistent with the studies conducted in Addis Ababa (23%) [20] and Nigeria (16.4%) [19]. This finding is lower than the study conducted in south Ethiopia (27.3%) [21] and India (37.1%) [25]
Summary
Hypertension known as “the silent killer” is a major public health problem both in developed and developing countries [1]. It affects 22% of the world’s population aged ≥ 18 years [2] and 1.13 billion adults [3] and this number is expected to increase to 1.56 billion by 2025 [4]. Hypertension is the leading cause of death and disability accounting for 9.4 million annual deaths [5]. Hypertension related death and disability stem primarily from cardiovascular disease (CVD), renal failure and dementia [6]. For every 20 mmHg increase in systolic blood pressure (BP) to > 115 mmHg or 10 mmHg increase in diastolic BP to 75 mmHg, the risk of cardiovascular and stroke events doubles [7]. Hypertension costs about 10% of the global health expenditure [8]
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