Abstract

Self-assembly of chiral amphiphiles with π-conjugated tectons into one-dimensional helical nanostructures offers great potential applications in the biological, physical, and material sciences. In this review, the recent development of supramolecular self-assembly of chiral amphiphiles with π-conjugated tectons has been discussed on the basis of experimental exploration by elegantly utilizing cooperative noncovalent forces such as π-π stacking, hydrophobic interaction, hydrogen bond and electrostatic interaction, and the potential applications of these self-assembled helical nanostructures in chiral recognition, asymmetric catalysis, electrical conduction, switchable interfaces and soft template for the fabrication of one-dimensional hard materials are described by a representative example. Meanwhile, some scientific and technical challenges in the development of supramolecular self-assembly of chiral amphiphiles with π-conjugated tectons are also presented. It is hoped that this review can summarize the strategies for self-assembling soft nanomaterials by using chiral amphiphiles with π-conjugated tectons, and also as a guideline for design functional nanomaterials for various potential applications.

Highlights

  • Self-assembly, we should not forget that some basic challenges still remain unsolved

  • The relationships between selfassembled nanostructures and function should be further revealed, especially for one-dimensional helical nanostructures. This will be important for the further application of supramolecular materials in the biological, physical, and materials sciences

  • Chem Rev, 2003, 103: 3155–3211 Lin Y Y, Qiao Y, Gao C, et al Tunable one-dimensional helical nanostructures: From supramolecular self-assemblies to silica nanomaterials

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Summary

Strategies and experimental explorations towards chiral self-assembly

Non-covalent synthesis is regarded as a kind of selfassembly method that is very useful in the construction of chemical structures with a high degree of structural complexity. One of the advantages of non-covalent is the possibility for dynamic and reversible self-assembly. The strategies and experimental explorations towards supramolecular nanostructures is summarized by the different type of chiarl amphilphiles. As conjugated tectons is the key part for the amiphiphilic molecules discussed in this review paper, the driving force are mainly the cooperative effect of stacking interaction and other non-covalent interactions. Chiral substitutions normally supply the driving forces for the formation of chiral supramolecular nanostructures by forming preferential handedness hindrance

Discotic -conjugated molecules as tectons
Rod-like -conjugated molecules as tectons
Other functional -conjugated molecules as tectons
Functions and applications of chiral supramolecular nanostructures
Chiral recognition
Anisotropic electrical conduction
Switchable interfaces
Soft template
Summary and perspectives
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