Abstract
The traditional two-component waterborne polyurethane coating system cannot effectively inhibit the undesirable side reaction between polyisocyanate and water during curing hardening. It is difficult to avoid the microbubbles formed by this reaction during the film formation process, which severely degrades the appearance and decreases the performance of the film. Therefore, the addition of an amphiphilic Linear-Dendritic carbosilane Block Surfactant (LDBS) to the hardener can physically separate the polyisocyanate emulsion from water through self-assembly. The bubble-free film thickness (BFFT) of the two-component waterborne polyurethane coating in this study is approximately 1.5-fold greater than commercial waterborne polyurethane coatings in today’s coating industry. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) varied the effectiveness of LDBS for inhibition of the undesirable side reaction. The successful application of the waterborne polyurethane coating with LDBS on the 600 km/h high-speed maglev train provides a technical solution for large-scale industrialization of waterborne polyurethane coating and complete replacement of solvent polyurethane coating.
Highlights
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The quantitative analysis of characteristic functional groups was carried out according to Beer-Lambert law, whereas attention was paid to carbamate carbonyl and urea carbonyl groups in order to analyze the inhibitory effect of LDBS on side reactions, whose product was polyurea
LDBS was added to the curing agent, allowing the resin particles to form a physical separation between the polyisocyanate emulsion and water, which effectively reduces the side reaction of polyisocyanate and water
Summary
The chemical difference in each film with different amounts of LDBS in coatings was studied using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR FT-IR) on a Thermo Fisher Nicolet iS10 instrument (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Shanghai, China) equipped with a mercury-cadmium-telluride detector (MCT) cooled with liquid nitrogen and OMNIC software at a spectral resolution of 4 cm−1 and wavenumber range of 4000−650 cm−1. The quantitative analysis of characteristic functional groups was carried out according to Beer-Lambert law, whereas attention was paid to carbamate carbonyl and urea carbonyl groups in order to analyze the inhibitory effect of LDBS on side reactions, whose product was polyurea
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