Abstract
Child development may be subject to forms of motor, physical, cognitive and self-representation impairments when complex congenital heart disease (CHD) occurs. In some cases, inadequacy of both self-representation as well as the family system are displayed. It seems to be important to search the likely internal and external resources of the CHD child, and the possible connections among such resources, which may help him/her to manage his/her own risk condition. The research project inquires the possible resources related to the self-representation and self-esteem levels of the CHD child, and those related to maternal self-perception as competent mothers. A group of 25 children (mean age = 10.2; SD=1.8) suffering from specific forms of CHD, and a group made up of their relative mothers (mean age = 38.2; SD=5) were studied. The tools used were the Human Figure Drawing, to investigate child body-related self-representation; the TMA scale (Self-esteem Multidimensional Test), to investigate the child's self-esteem; and the Q-sort questionnaire, to assess how mothers perceived their maternal competence. Data concerning the likely correlations between the child's self-representation and the maternal role competence show [that] positive correlations between some indicators of maternal competence, specific aspects of CHD children's self-representation (mothers' emotional coping and children's self-image adequacy) and self-esteem (mothers' emotional scaffolding and children's self-esteem at an emotional level). By detecting the occurrence of specific correlations among resources of both child and mother, the study provides cardiologists with information that is useful for building a relationship with the families concerned, which would seem to enhance the quality of the process of the cure itself.
Highlights
Several European and International studies on the intricacy of paediatric conditions related to complex congenital heart disease (CHD) have detected impairments concerning the levels of motor and physical,[1,2,3] as well as the cognitive development,[4,5,6] the child’s self-representation,[7,8,9] and his/her interaction with the real-world.[8]
The following tools were administered to children/adolescents: The Human Figure Drawing Test (HFDT),[35] which is a projective paper-and-pencil test aimed at exploring the body-related self
0.487** Low competence ables analysed in the study, the data concern- 8 ing the body-related self-representation are 9 remarkable
Summary
The following tools were administered to children/adolescents: The Human Figure Drawing Test (HFDT),[35] which is a projective paper-and-pencil test aimed at exploring the body-related self. Regarding the to her ability to activate framing, building pat- established to detect the adequacy and integri- correction of the protocols and the counting of terns and behavioural models in the relation- ty of the body-related image level, were: the the partial and total scores, due to the eliminaships with her child.[37,38,39] It is the mother’s expected indicators had to be present at a medi- tion of the two scales and some items, some willingness to emotionally support the child in um level, when 50% of the reference descrip- calculation expedients planned by the stanhis/her attempt to be self-determined,[40] and to tors were detected; at a medium-low level, dardized procedures of the tool were applied.[34] develop the ability to mediate with his/her when less than 50% of the reference descrip- The Q-Sort on parental competence during environment (family, hospital, peer group, tors were detected; at a medium-high level, the children’s pathology questionnaire was etc.). Children’s body-related self-representation - level of Self-Image Adequacy (HFDT)
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