Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were suggested for treating degenerative osteoarthritis, suppressing inflammatory responses, and repairing damaged soft tissues. Moreover, the ADSCs have the potential to undergo self-renewal and differentiate into bone, tendon, cartilage, and ligament. Recently, investigation of the self-renewal and differentiation of the ADSCs has become an attractive area. In this work, a pneumatic microdevice has been developed to study the gene expression of the ADSCs after the stimulation of multi-axial tensile strain. The ADSCs were cultured on the microdevice and experienced multi-axial tensile strain during a three-day culture course. Self-renewal and differentiation abilities were investigated by mRNA expressions of NANOG, sex determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2), octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4), sex determining region Y-box9 (SOX9), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2). The result showed that the genes related self-renewal were significantly up-regulated after the tensile stimulation. Higher proliferation ratio of the ADSCs was also shown by cell viability assay. The microdevice provides a promising platform for cell-based study under mechanical tensile stimulation.
Highlights
Tendon and ligament injuries induce serious consequences, such as debilitating pain and reduced joint function
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were suggested to be an adult stem cell population isolated from adipose tissue [13,14]
The results indicated that the gene expressions of NANOG, sex determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2), and octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) were up-regulated, while sex determining region Y-box9 (SOX9), PPAR-γ, and RUNX2 were not changed after the stimulation
Summary
Tendon and ligament injuries induce serious consequences, such as debilitating pain and reduced joint function. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were suggested to be an adult stem cell population isolated from adipose tissue [13,14]. The largest study using adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction cells (SVF cells) to treat osteoarthritis involved 1128 patients [15]. Most cases consistently reported that adipose-derived cell therapy for treating degenerative osteoarthritis is safe and effective. Some reports revealed the ADSCs contain unique populations of cells that suppress the inflammatory responses, and may further contribute to tissue regeneration and repair of damaged tendon tissues [16,17]. Because stem cells are known to be multipotent, nonhematopoietic stromal cells that have the potential to undergo self-renewal, they have the ability to differentiate into bone, tendon, cartilage, and ligament [19,20,21,22]
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