Abstract
Judd–Ofelt theory is a cornerstone of lanthanides’ spectroscopy given that it describes 4fn emissions and absorptions of lanthanide ions using only three intensity parameters. A self-referenced technique for computing Judd–Ofelt intensity parameters from the excitation spectra of Eu3+-activated luminescent materials is presented in this study along with an explanation of the parametrisation procedure and free user-friendly web application. It uses the integrated intensities of the 7F0 → 5D2, 7F0 → 5D4, and 7F0 → 5L6 transitions in the excitation spectrum for estimation and the integrated intensity of the 7F0 → 5D1 magnetic dipole transition for calibration. This approach facilitates an effortless derivation of the Ω6 intensity parameter, which is challenging to compute precisely by Krupke’s parametrisation of the emission spectrum and, therefore, often omitted in published research papers. Compared to the parametrisation of absorption spectra, the described method is more accurate, can be applied to any material form, and requires a single excitation spectrum.
Highlights
Judd–Ofelt theory is a cornerstone of lanthanides’ spectroscopy given that it describes 4fn emissions and absorptions of lanthanide ions using only three intensity parameters
Owing to the characteristic electronic configuration of trivalent lanthanide ions, their luminescence due to 4f–4f electronic transitions is characterised by the narrow emission and absorption bands, host-independent transition energies, and plethora of emissions spanning across the ultraviolet–near infrared (NIR) spectral range with long emission decays and high quantum e fficiencies[3]
What was later coined as the Judd–Ofelt theory (JO) provided the first quantum–mechanical explanation of the intensities of induced electric dipole transitions
Summary
Judd–Ofelt theory is a cornerstone of lanthanides’ spectroscopy given that it describes 4fn emissions and absorptions of lanthanide ions using only three intensity parameters. A self-referenced technique for computing Judd–Ofelt intensity parameters from the excitation spectra of Eu3+-activated luminescent materials is presented in this study along with an explanation of the parametrisation procedure and free user-friendly web application It uses the integrated intensities of the 7F0 → 5D2, 7F0 → 5D4, and 7F0 → 5L6 transitions in the excitation spectrum for estimation and the integrated intensity of the 7F0 → 5D1 magnetic dipole transition for calibration. What was later coined as the Judd–Ofelt theory (JO) provided the first quantum–mechanical explanation of the intensities of induced electric dipole transitions The centrepiece of this theory includes three intensity parameters Ωλ, λ = 2, 4, 6, from which many ‘derived quantities’ with high practical importance (such as radiative transition probabilities, radiation lifetimes, branching ratios, cross-sections, and intrinsic quantum yields) can be obtained. These parameters may be subsequently used to calculate the intensities of the entire emission or absorption s pectra[9]
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