Self-powered vibration sensor based on the coupling of dual-mode triboelectric nanogenerator and non-contact electromagnetic generator

Abstract

Random vibration of mechanical equipment will lead to structural fatigue damage, while strong and sustained vibration will lead to the overall performance decline of the equipment. Vibration sensors can be used to monitor the stability of mechanical operation. However, in some complex unattended environments, it is still a significant challenge to realize real-time equipment monitoring and early warning. Therefore, we propose a self-powered multifunctional vibration sensor based on coupling a dual-mode triboelectric nanogenerator and a non-contact electromagnetic generator (M-HNG) for automatic condition monitoring. The dual-mode triboelectric nanogenerator and non-contact electromagnetic generator can work together to realize real-time self-powered vibration monitoring. We established the prototype model of the vibration sensor, simulated the working principle of each part of the sensor, and fitted the functional relationship between the vibration amplitude and speed of the sensor and the output electrical signal. The results show that the short-circuit current of the sensor is very sensitive to the change in external vibration speed and has good stability in its detection range. Using a non-contact electromagnetic generator can effectively improve the service life of the vibration sensor. The system can continuously monitor the vibration signals generated by machinery during operation and provide an effective way for structural health monitoring, especially in extreme environments or unattended conditions.