Abstract
Annihilation process of traffic jams is investigated in a one-dimensional traffic flow on a highway. The one-dimensional fully asymmetric exclusion model with open boundaries for parallel update is extended to take into account stochastic transition of cars, where a car moves ahead with transition probability pt. Near pt=1, the system is driven asymptotically into a steady state exhibiting a self-organized criticality. Traffic jams with various lifetimes (or sizes) appear and disappear by colliding with an empty wave. The typical lifetime <m> of traffic jams scales as [Formula: see text], where ∆pt=1−pt. It is shown that the cumulative lifetime distribution Nm(∆pt) satisfies the scaling form [Formula: see text].
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