Self Nano-Emulsifying Curcumin (SNEC30) attenuates arsenic-induced cell death in mice.

Abstract

Several precedents have confirmed numerous infirmities caused by arsenic poisoning, including immune suppression and cancer. Exposure to arsenic leads to alterations of the cellular machinery and eventually cell death, depending on the dose and duration of exposure. Oxidative stress induced by arsenic is the major mechanism by which it inflicts cellular toxicity, challenging the survival-support - autophagy and culminating in apoptosis in the thymus and spleen of mice. Curcumin, a potent dietary anti-oxidant with known anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory properties, was assessed for therapeutic benefits. However, the major caveat of this polyphenol is its low water solubility and limited bioavailability. Therefore, Self Nano-Emulsifying Curcumin (SNEC30) was used to treat mice exposed to arsenic. When administered, SNEC30 effectively ameliorated the adverse effects of arsenic in mice, by restoring structural alterations and reducing ROS-mediated cell death, thereby endorsing the importance of nutraceuticals in counteracting heavy metal-induced cellular toxicity.