Abstract

This paper reviews the dynamic effect of thin-slice solid-state lasers subjected to frequency-shifted optical feedback, which led to the discovery of the self-mixing modulation effect, and its applications to quantum-noise-limited versatile laser metrology systems with extreme optical sensitivity.

Highlights

  • Laser feedback interferometry (LFI), known as laser self-mixing interferometry (LSMI), is an interferometric sensing technique based on the optical mixing of the field in the laser cavity with the weak field back-reflected or back-scattered by a remote target

  • Let me show the basic scheme of thin-slice solid-state lasers with laser-diode pumping commonly employed in self-mixing laser metrology systems, which will be described in this review article

  • A 5 at.% Yb-doped 2-mm-thick Yb:YAG ceramic sample consisting of randomly distributed single-crystalline grains, whose average size was about 3.20 mm, was used and the end surfaces of this sample were coated with mirrors, M1 (99.8% reflectance at 1,049 nm and 95% transmittance at 970 nm) and M2 (98% reflectance at 1,049 nm)

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Summary

Introduction

Laser feedback interferometry (LFI), known as laser self-mixing interferometry (LSMI), is an interferometric sensing technique based on the optical mixing of the field in the laser cavity with the weak field back-reflected or back-scattered by a remote target. The historical phases leading to the development of laser feedback metrology are addressed

Early Stage
Basic Scheme of Thin-Slice Solid-State Lasers with Laser-Diode Pumping
Rate Equation Model
Generalized Class-B Laser Equation with Frequency-Shifted Optical Feedback
Experimental Results of 2-Channel Vibrometry
Numerical Result
Dilute Sample-Flow through a Vertical Glass Column
Analysis of Experimental Results
Evaluations of Flow Velocities and Kinetic Viscosities
Detection of Small Particles in Fluid Flow
Microanalysis of Brownian Particles
Particle Sizing
Experimental Results
Scaling of Physical Parameters between Real and Virtual Particle Suspensions
Quick and Accurate Sizing of Living Phytoplankton
Analysis of the Shoulder-Shaped Power Spectrum
Physical Meaning of Long-Term Average of Power Spectra
Real-Time Measurement of Motions of Self-Mobile Phytoplankton Toward Light
Yb-YAG for Self-Mixing Laser Metrology with Enhanced Optical Sensitivity
Concluding Remark and Outlook
AOM 1

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