Abstract
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Highlights
Newton’s third law of motion states that whenever a force is applied an equal and opposite force occurs in the opposite direction of applied force
Iwasaki et al calculated that 31-54% of the total frictional force generated by a premolar bracket moving along 0.019×0.025 stainless steel archwire was due to the friction of ligation
With the active configuration in the wire mechanics, Resistance to sliding (RS) will increase with θ because of BI occurring in the appliance (Figure 2)
Summary
Newton’s third law of motion states that whenever a force is applied an equal and opposite force occurs in the opposite direction of applied force. Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) being a biological phenomenon; sound knowledge of biomechanics is required. Friction is the force acting in the direction parallel to that of tooth movement i.e. opposite to the direction of the applied force.[5] During OTM friction occurs because of interaction between the archwire and sides of the orthodontic bracket or a ligature. Considerable amount of force is dissipated to overcome the friction This increases the magnitude of force required to cause the tooth movement and achieve desired clinical result. It affects the anchorage, especially in cases with limited anchorage availability. Different examples of self-ligating systems are: Mobil Lock, Activa, Damon, In-Ovation, Smartclip, Clarity etc
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