Self-Healing, Self-Adhesive Strain Sensors Made with Carbon Nanotubes/Polysiloxanes Based on Unsaturated Carboxyl-Amine Ionic Interactions.

Abstract

Strain sensors with high sensitivity, long-term durability, and stretchability are required for flexible and wearable electronic devices. This paper reports a bilayer strain sensor consisting of carboxyl-functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and ionically crosslinked polysiloxane substrates based on unsaturated acid-amine interactions. Vacuum filtration was adopted to prepare the CNT films (2.74-4.70 μm in thickness) onto the polysiloxane substrates to prepare stretchable conductive strain sensors. The strain sensor exhibited self-healing ability, self-adhesiveness, high sensitivity, linearity, low hysteresis, and long-term durability with a gauge factor of 33.99 at 55% strain. The sensitivity and linearity could be adjusted by the thickness of the CNT layer. A crack-related mechanism was proposed in which increasing the thickness of the CNT layer led to simultaneously enhanced sensitivity and linearity. Finally, we investigated the detection of human activities (bending/unbending of fingers or knees) and subtle motions (coughing and swallowing). The fabricated strain sensor succeeded in meeting various needs with satisfactory sensing performance.