Self-efficacy, motivation and adolescent's adherence of a health protocol during pandemic COVID-19 in Indonesia.

Abstract

Compliance with the 5M health protocols of washing hands, wearing masks, keeping a distance of at least one meter, avoiding crowds, and reducing mobility is the best effort to prevent COVID-19. Adolescents are non-compliant in implementing health protocols during the pandemic. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the level of compliance with the 5M health protocols. It also examines the relationship between self-efficacy, motivation, and compliance with health protocols. Data analysis was conducted on a cross-sectional survey of 978 adolescents in Surabaya, Indonesia. Multiple logistic regression was performed to analyze the relationship between the three. Furthermore, adolescent self-efficacy was measured using the General Self Efficacy Scale (GSES), while motivation scale and sociodemographic questionnaire were measured to assess the motivation and characteristics of the respondents. Adolescent self-efficacy in compliance with health protocols is around (92.0%) with an average GSES score of 25.52 + 4.64. The analysis showed that adolescents with high self-efficacy and motivation had a high level of adherence (OR 2.804, 95% CI 2.008, 3.915) and high motivation (OR 2.926, 95% CI 2.087, 4.102), compared to those with low self-efficacy and motivation. The results suggested that initial identification of self-efficacy and motivation should be addressed to ensure compliance with health protocols to prevent the pandemic.