Abstract
Self-discharge refers to the loss in stored charge of a battery without connection between its electrodes as a consequence of internal chemical reactions. Self-discharge processes can be tested in a loadfree state for a fixed time. Two self-discharge reactions are possible in a Li-ion cell: one is chemical and the other electrochemical. Because of their reactivity, charged cells can undergo side reactions, and factors such as purity of the active material or electrolyte, the specific surface area of the electrodes, conductors, binders or separators can have effect on the self-discharge performance. These reactions are mostly irreversible while electrochemical reactions can be reversible. For example, lithium re-intercalation can lead to self-discharge of Li-ion batteries, as has been demonstrated by many researchers who have studied the different factors that could affect self-discharge of
Highlights
In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for high energy density rechargeable batteries for portable electronics and electric and hybrid vehicles applications
Given the novel character of the Rechargeable Hybrid Aqueous Battery (ReHAB) technology and consequent lack of information on the possible mechanisms involved in the self-discharge, there was the need to look into the self-discharge behavior of different systems like Li ion batteries, lead-acid batteries and supercapacitors, in order to compare the results found from the ReHAB system
4.2 Effect of different current collectors An electrode current collector can play a significant role in the various self-discharge processes, especially in flood batteries.[102]
Summary
There has been an increasing demand for high energy density rechargeable batteries for portable electronics and electric and hybrid vehicles applications. Li-ion type batteries are good choices for such applications, as well as for electric power load leveling systems. 1 the demand for lithium just for electric vehicle batteries will almost triple from 2014 to 2020. Incorporation of aqueous electrolytes in rechargeable lithium batteries greatly reduces production costs by avoiding the strict assembly conditions demanded by the organic electrolytes. Despite of its poor cyclability, the prospects of that system instigated many studies of similar aqueous rechargeable lithium-ion batteries.
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