Abstract
Objective: to evaluate the practice of self-care performed by patients with systemic arterial hypertension inprimary health care. Methods: this is a descriptive and cross-sectional study, conducted with 92 individualswith arterial hypertension in a primary care unit. The data collection occurred through script and data analyzedusing descriptive statistics (frequency, mean and standard deviation) and through the understanding of theadaption between capacity and self-care demand. Results: it was identified as a practice of self-care: adequatewater intake, salt intake and restricted coffee, satisfactory sleep period, abstinence from smoking and alcoholism,continuing pharmacological treatment and attending medical appointments. As the demands: inadequatefeeding, sedentary lifestyle, had no leisure activities, self-reported stress, and limited knowledge. Conclusion:although patients performed treatment a few years ago, still showed up self-care deficits, highlighting the needfor nurses to advise and sensitize about the importance of self-care practice.
Highlights
The systemic arterial hypertension is a disease that affects approximately 25.0% of the world population, with 60.0% increase prediction of cases of this disease in 2025(1)
As for the history of arterial hypertension, predominated patients who had a medical diagnosis for less than ten years (55.5%) and since they are undergoing treatment (55.5%), mainly drug (68.5%)
Concerning the age group, it was found that most of the studied population was at risk range, since there is a direct linear relation between blood pressure to age, with the prevalence of arterial hypertension higher of 60% of those aged above 65 years old, which can be explained by the very changes of aging that make the individual more prone to the development of systemic arterial hypertension[9,10]
Summary
The systemic arterial hypertension is a disease that affects approximately 25.0% of the world population, with 60.0% increase prediction of cases of this disease in 2025(1). The arterial hypertension, being a chronic degenerative disease, can cause deficits in physical, emotional and social aspects. It is emphasized that, for successful control of systemic arterial hypertension, it is necessary to practice selfcare by the patient. This is defined as the realization of performing activities that individuals play to their benefit to maintain life, health, and welfare[4]. When self-care is effectively performed, it helps to maintain the structural and functional integrity, contributing to human development[5]
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