Self-care management education models in primary care

Abstract

Self-care management for people living with long-term conditions aims to assist the individual in taking responsibility for their own health. This literature review explores the value and content of the large range of educational models currently in use. Although no single model was found that addressed all the issues, several themes arose. These included the observation that educational models should be based on self-efficacy principles and patient-centred. Method of delivery favoured small groups, using a variety of approaches supported with written information. Duration of the programmes was mainly 6-8 weeks with a follow-up. Programmes should be offered when the patient is ready and not determined by the condition or at diagnosis. Debate remains over whether group leaders should be laypeople and professionals; however, a mixture of both offered the best outcomes. Programmes should not be problem-focused, offering space for support and experience sharing.