Self-assessed confidence of students on selected midwifery skills: Comparing diploma and bachelors programmes in one province of India

Abstract

ObjectiveThere are two integrated pre-service education programmes for nurses and midwives in India; a diploma in General Nursing and Midwifery (GNM) and bachelor's in nursing (B.Sc. nursing). This study assessed and compared confidence of final-year students from these two programmes for selected midwifery skills from the list of midwifery competencies given by the International Confederation of Midwives (ICM). DesignA cross-sectional survey. Participants633 final-year students, from 25 educational institutions randomly selected, stratified by the type of programme (diploma/bachelor), and ownership (private/government) from the Gujarat province. Data collection and analysisStudents assessed their confidence on a 4-point scale, in four midwifery competency domains-antepartum, intrapartum, postpartum, and newborn care. Skill statements were reduced to subscales for each competency domain separately through Principle Component Analysis. Crude and adjusted odds ratios with 95% CI were calculated for students with high confidence (≥75th percentile on each subscale) and not high (all others) between diploma and bachelor students. FindingsThe diploma students were 2–4 times more likely to have high confidence on all subscales under antepartum, intrapartum, postpartum and newborn care compared to the bachelor students. Though both groups had less hands-on clinical practice during their education, more diploma students could fulfil the requirements of attending recommended number of births compared to the bachelor students. ConclusionOverall the students of the general nursing and midwifery (GNM) programme have higher confidence in skills for antepartum, intrapartum, newborn and postpartum care. One important reason is more hands-on clinical practice for the diploma compared to the bachelor students.