Abstract
The aim of this paper elucidates the AGC issues in a large scale interconnected power system incorporating HVDC link under the deregulated environment. The performance of the system is degraded under the influence of abrupt load change, and parameter variation. To perceive a reliable and quality power supply, secondary robust controllers are essential. A novel self-adaptive Fuzzy-PID controller is proposed to ameliorate the dynamic performance of both the conventional PID and Fuzzy-PID controller, employed in the restructured power system. In self-adaptive Fuzzy-PID controller unlike the Fuzzy-PID controller, the output scaling factors are tuned dynamically while the controller is functioning. These three controllers are designed by enumerating different gains and scaling factors, applying a budding nature-inspired algorithm known as Wild Goat Algorithm (WGA). The superior dynamic performance of frequency and tie-line power deviation under self-adaptive Fuzzy-PID controller in comparison to its' counterparts is investigated by dispatching the scheduled and unscheduled power under different contracts such as poolco based transaction, bilateral transaction and contract violation based transaction through different tie-lines. The dynamic response under parameter variation and random load perturbation confers the robustness of the proposed controller.
Highlights
In an interconnected power system, the role of the automatic generation control (AGC) is to achieve better frequency regulation and to maintain the tie-line power flow at scheduled level irrespective of load changes in any area
In all the cases of power transaction (Poolco, Bilateral, and Contract violation), the dynamic response of frequency deviation and tie-line power deviation by Wild Goat Algorithm (WGA) based self-adaptive Fuzzy-PID (SA-FPID) controller is quite superior than WGA based PID and FPID controllers
The WGA based SA-FPID controller concedes an enhanced performance over FOA and PSO based different controllers such as I, PI, PID, Proportional-Integral-Double Derivative (PIDD), and IDD
Summary
In an interconnected power system, the role of the automatic generation control (AGC) is to achieve better frequency regulation and to maintain the tie-line power flow at scheduled level irrespective of load changes in any area. Afrakhte et al [30] designed an optimal fuzzy logic controller as a secondary controller for AGC in a restructured power system having different distributed generation sources. Fractional order fuzzy PID controller (FOFPID) tuned by BFOA is suggested by Arya et al [31] for AGC of deregulated power system. Arya [33] recommended Fractional order fuzzy PID controller (FOFPID) for a two area multi source power system having Redox flow battery (RFB) as energy storage system. A maiden attempt is taken to design an adaptive fuzzy-PID controller optimised by a recent computational technique named Wild Goat Algorithm (WGA) [34] for AGC in a restructured environment. Robustness of the proposed controller is investigated by subjecting parameter variation and random load perturbation in area-1
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