Abstract
Bactris gasipaes Kunth is one of the few domesticated palm trees whose fruits have a large natural variability of colors, flavors, oiliness and texture. However, because there are no cultivars developed for the production of fruits, this variability limits its market, since the fruits suitable for consumption in natura, production of flour or oil, have different characteristics. In this sense, the objective of this study was to quantify the genetic progress with the selection between and within progenies for fruit production in pupunheira based on the main production components, referring to the 5th, 6th and 7th years of cultivation. For the study, 14 progenies of half-siblings were evaluated, in a randomized block design with three replicates and eight plants per plot, at 6x4m spacing. The genetic parameters showed that the pupunheira tends to stabilize its production from the 7th year of cultivation. Higher selection gains were obtained with selection between and within progenies, selecting the three best individuals per family. By means of the direct and indirect selection, superior gains were obtained with the production of fruits, presenting gains also in the other characters when correlated. The genetic gains related to fruit production in the 7th year of cultivation, selecting three individuals per family, considering seed propagation and via cloning were 35,58% and 58,58%, respectively. It was evidenced that more studies to establish protocols of vegetative propagation will be primordial for the genetic improvement of the species, aiming the development of a new cultivar. Keywords: Bactris gasipaes Kunth, Fruit production, Genetic parameters, REML/BLUP
Highlights
Bactris gasipaes Kunth is one of the few domesticated palm trees whose fruits have a large natural variability of colors, flavors, oiliness and texture
Essa variabilidade genética contribui para a heterogeneidade dos frutos nos mercados, que resulta em uma mistura de diferentes tamanhos, cores e teores de amido e de óleo
The selection gain of vegetative propagation was approximately 50% higher than the estimated gain with seed propagation
Summary
Universidade Federal do Amazonas – UFAM, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia em Itacoatiara – ICET, Rua Nossa Senhora do Rosário, 3863, Tiradentes, 69103-128, Itacoatiara, AM, Brasil. Embrapa Rondônia, BR 364, km 5,5, Zona Rural, 76815-800, Porto Velho, RO, Brasil. Embrapa Amazônia Ocidental, Rodovia AM-010, km 29, Estrada Manaus, Itacoatiara, Caixa Postal 319, 69010-970, Manaus, AM, Brasil. PALAVRAS-CHAVE Bactris gasipaes Kunth Produção de frutos Parâmetros genéticos REML/BLUP. O objetivo deste trabalho foi quantificar o progresso genético com a seleção entre e dentro de progênies para a produção de frutos de pupunha. Para o estudo foram avaliadas 14 progênies de meios-irmãos em delineamento em blocos ao acaso com três repetições de oito plantas por parcela, no espaçamento de 6 m x 4 m, no 5o, 6o e 7o anos de cultivo. Os ganhos de seleção da produção de frutos no 7o ano de cultivo, considerando a propagação por sementes e a clonagem, foram de 35,58% e 58,58%, respectivamente
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