Abstract
Here, a Selenium-enriched Bacillus subtilis (SEBS) strain was generated and supplemented to broiler chickens’ diet, and the impact in ileum bacterial microbiome, immunity and body weight were assessed. In a nutshell, five hundred 1-old old chicken were randomly divided into five groups: control, inorganic Se, Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), SEBS, and antibiotic, and colonization with B. subtilis and SEBS in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) were measured by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). In summary, Chicks fed SEBS or B. subtilis had higher body weight than the control chicks or those given inorganic Se. SEBS colonized in distal segments of the ileum improved bacterial diversity, reduced the endogenous pathogen burden and increased the number of Lactobacillus sp. in the ileal mucous membrane. Species of unclassified Lachnospiraceae, uncultured Anaerosporobacter, Peptococcus, Lactobacillus salivarius, and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, and unclassified Butyricicoccus in the ileal mucous membrane played a key role in promoting immunity. Inorganic Se supplementation also improved bacterial composition of ileal mucous membranes, but to a less extent. In conclusion, SEBS improved performance and immunity of broiler chickens through colonization and modulation of the ileal mucous membrane microbiome.
Highlights
A Selenium-enriched Bacillus subtilis (SEBS) strain was generated and supplemented to broiler chickens’ diet, and the impact in ileum bacterial microbiome, immunity and body weight were assessed
Se concentration in the supernatant and precipitate of B. subtilis yb-114,246 and SEBS fermented medium was calculated by atomic absorption spectrometry, and the live bacteria were enumerated by colony forming units (CFU) in yeast extract peptone dextrose medium after ten times serial dilution[5]
SEBS was acquired after 24 h of fermentation of B. subtilis yb-114,246 in medium containing inorganic sodium selenite
Summary
A Selenium-enriched Bacillus subtilis (SEBS) strain was generated and supplemented to broiler chickens’ diet, and the impact in ileum bacterial microbiome, immunity and body weight were assessed. Certain strains of Bacillus subtilis, when administrated orally, can colonize the intestinal mucous membrane, and optimize the bacterial composition, effectively stimulate immunity and metabolism[2]. These can play roles overcoming infection, stress and pathogens c learance[3,4]. Once the probiotic bacteria can colonize in the site of intestinal mucous membrane They make use of the nutrition in GIT to propagate and secret the digestive enzymes to help the digestion of h ost[3,9]. Supplementation with se can modulate the bacterial composition in GIT, induced to good body h ealth[15,16]
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