Abstract
Selenium-enriched malts were prepared by an application of sodium selenite solution to steeped barley grain and following germination and kilning. The changes of selenium valency and the biotransformation of inorganic selenium were investigated by selenium speciation analysis in enzyme-hydrolysed malt samples using liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Both inorganic compounds (selenate, selenite) and Se-containing amino acids (selenocystine, Se-methyl-selenocysteine, selenomethionine) were found in green and kilned barley malt.
Highlights
Selenium is an essential element, which plays a number of important roles in the human body
Selenium-containing amino acids, selenopeptides and selenoproteins appear in tissues of plants or animals, which reflect the exposure of an organism to selenium
To analyse total selenium content and selenium species, we applied the analytical technique of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and the hyphenated technique of liquid chromatography coupled with ICP-MS
Summary
Selenium is an essential element, which plays a number of important roles in the human body. With the exception of the cases of feed supplementation with selenium, the selenium content in animal products remains quite low (Ludvíková et al, 2005; Střítecká et al, 2009; Kvičala et al, 2008) This situation could be improved in several ways: the fortification of fertilisers with an inorganic selenium compound (similar to the Finnish model from 1980s), the foliar application of inorganic selenium to grown plant crops, or the supplementation of feeds intended for farm animals with selenium in a suitable chemical form (Eurola et al, 1989; Bennett et al, 2010; Bañuelos et al, 2000). We have tested a sodium selenite application to the barley grains, in order to prove the transformation of inorganic selenium into organic species during the malting process, which is the condition that must be fulfilled before performing further work aimed at the production of selenium-enriched beer. To analyse total selenium content and selenium species, we applied the analytical technique of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and the hyphenated technique of liquid chromatography coupled with ICP-MS
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