Selenium Nanoparticles Act Potentially on the Growth Performance, Hemato-Biochemical Indices, Antioxidative, and Immune-Related Genes of European Seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax).

Abstract

The current study investigated the role of selenium (Se) nanoparticles on the growth performance, hemato-biochemical indices, antioxidative, and immune-related genes of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Therefore, fish with initial weight of 20.53 ± 0.10 g/fish werefed diets with 0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg Se nanoparticles/kg diet for 90 days. The final body weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate of fish fed dietary nano-Se varying levels were significantly higher than the control with the highest performances and lowest FCR in the group of fish fed nano-Se at 0.5mg/kg. The values of Hb, PCV, RBCs, and WBCs were significantly higher in fish fed varying levels of Se nanoparticles than fish fed the basal diets. The values of total serum protein and globulin were significantly higher in fish fed varying levels of Se nanoparticles than fish fed the basal diets. Additionally, globulin had higher value in the group of fish fed 0.25 and 0.5mg nano-Se/kg than fish fed 1mg nano-Se/kg (P < 0.05). No significant alterations were observed on albumin, ALT, and AST variables (P > 0.05). Phagocytic index, phagocytic, lysozyme activities were significantly higher in fish fed varying levels of Se nanoparticles than fish fed the basal diets in a dose dependent manner (P < 0.05). Further, SOD activity had higher value in the group of fish fed 0.25 and 0.5mg nano-Se/kg than fish fed 1mg nano-Se/kg, whereas CAT was increased in the group of fish fed dietary 0.5mg nano-Se/kg diet (P < 0.05). The level of MDA was significantly lowered by dietary nano-Se where the group of fish fed 0.25mg/kg had the lowest level followed by those fed 0.5 and 1mg/kg. The expression of GH, IGF-1, IL-8, and IL-1β genes had the highest mRNA levels in the group of fish fed 0.25 and 0.5mg/kg followed by those fed 1mg/kg, whereas HSP70 was downregulated. Based on the overall results, Se nanoparticles are recommended at the rate of 0.5-1mg/kg diet to maintain the optimal growth performance, hemato-biochemical indices, antioxidative status, and immune-related genes in European seabass.