Selenite and selenate showed contrasting impacts on the fate of arsenic in rice (Oryza sativa L.) regardless of the formation of iron plaque

Abstract

The different effects of selenite and selenate on the fate of As and the function of iron plaque in the interaction between Se and As are poorly understood. Rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L.) were selected as experimental plants in this study, the hydroponic experiments were conducted to investigate the possible regulatory roles of selenite and selenate on the uptake, translocation, and transformation of arsenite or arsenate accompanied by iron plaque. In arsenite- and arsenate-treated rice, the Fe30 treatments stimulated root uptake by 12.4–39.8% and 18.6–37.0%, respectively, but inhibited the movement of As from iron plaque to the roots, resulting in the absorption of a considerable amount of As on iron plaque. Regardless of the iron plaque formation, selenite (selenate) significantly increased (decreased) the root uptake of arsenite and arsenate by 28.1–53.0% and 40.0%–61.7%, respectively (45.6–56.3% and 42.5–47.7%, respectively). Interestingly, the supply of selenite significantly reduced root-to-shoot As translocation by 71.9–77.3% and 66.2–67.7%, respectively, in arsenite- and arsenate-treated rice seedlings; however, a significant increase (90.5–122.9%) was induced by selenate was found only in the arsenate-treated plants. Furthermore, the translocation of As from iron plaque to the roots was significantly increased (decreased) by selenite (selenate). As and Fe in iron plaque were significantly positively correlated in all As-treated rice plants, and this correlation was more profound than that in the shoots and roots. However, neither Fe treatments nor inorganic Se addition affected the interconversion between As(III) and As(V) obviously; and As(III) was the dominant species in both shoots (68.3–84.9%) and roots (90.7–98.2%). Our results indicate selenite and selenate are effective in reducing the As accumulation in an opposite way, and the presence of iron plaque had no obvious impact on the interaction between Se and As in rice plants.