Abstract
Objective:Compounds isolated from marine animals have different pharmacological effects. In this study, we investigated the effects of sea nettle (Chrysaora quinquecirrha) crude venom on human colon cancer mitochondria. Methods:First, mitochondria were isolated from healthy colon tissue and cancerous colon tissue, and then mitochondrial function (SDH activity), reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) collapse, mitochondrial swelling, and cytochrome c release were measured. Results:The results showed that crude venom of Chrysaora quinquecirrha (180, 360 and 720 µg/ml) can significantly impair mitochondrial function (**P<0.01 and ***P<0.001) and consequently increase the level of ROS (*P<0.05 and ****P<0.0001), collapse in MMP (*P<0.05 and ****P<0.0001), mitochondrial swelling (**** P<0.0001) and release of cytochrome c (* P<0.05 and *** P<0.001) only in mitochondria isolated from human colon cancer tissue. Conclusion:The results concluded that crude venom of Chrysaora quinquecirrha (180, 360 and 720 µg/ml) has no side effects on normal mitochondria and only selectively affects cancerous mitochondria. It seems that after further research, Chrysaora quinquecirrha can be considered as a drug candidate for the treatment of patients with colon cancer.
Highlights
Colon cancer is known as one of the preventable cancers
The results showed that crude venom of Chrysaora quinquecirrha (180, 360 and 720 μg/ml) can significantly impair mitochondrial function (**P
In mitochondria from colon cancer group, the results showed that crude venom of Chrysaora quinquecirrha in all applied concentrations (180, 360 and 720 μg/ml) was able to increase the level of ROS (Figure 2B)
Summary
Colon cancer is known as one of the preventable cancers Worldwide, this type of cancer is known as one of the most common malignant tumors and is often diagnosed in advanced stages (Ahmed, 2020; Hu et al, 2021). In 2016, research has shown that the incidence of colorectal cancer in Iran is 8.1-8.3 per 100,000 in men and 6.5 to 7.5 per 100,000 in women (Rafiemanesh et al, 2016). The use of chemotherapy in the treatment of cancer has been discussed for reasons such as drug resistance and tumor relapse (Alfarouk et al, 2015). Research has shown that apoptotic signaling is impaired in colon cancer (Abraha and Ketema, 2016). The induction of apoptosis can be considered as a simple approach in the treatment of various cancers (Yang et al, 2021). Mitochondrial organics play an important role in signaling apoptosis (Jiang et al, 2019; Abate et al, 2020)
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