Selective Stimulation of Autonomic Nerves and Recording of Electroneurograms in a Canine Model

Abstract

The article presents the results of modeling, design, and experimental testing of a multielectrode spiral cuff (CUFF) to determine to what extent a CUFF could be used for selective stimulation of different types of nerve fibers within particular compartments and for selective recording of electoneurograms (ENGs) from particular compartments of the peripheral autonomic nerve. The CUFF was implanted on the left cervical vagus nerve (LVN) of a dog. The relative positions of the particular nerve regions that innervated the cardiovascular (CV) and respiratory system (RS) were identified by delivering the stimuli to the particular group of three electrodes (GTE). The stimuli caused both selective stimulation of mainly B fibers within the particular compartments, and differential block of A fibers by membrane hyperpolarization. It was shown that when the stimuli were delivered to GTE9, the heart rate began to fall and when the stimuli were delivered to GTE4, the rate of breathing decreased. The defined and randomly chosen GTEs were used also as recording GTEs while CV or RS were stimulated by carotid artery massage, epinephrine injection, and noninvasive positive end-expiratory pressure ventilation (NIPEEPV). Results demonstrate that the function of a particular internal organ can be modulated via the selective stimulation of the innervating compartment of the peripheral nerve. Results also showed that stimulations elicited site-specific changes in ENG power spectra recorded from the particular compartments of the LVN.