Abstract
Seedlings of Ricinus communis tolerated soil-borne Rhizoctonia infection in strain dependent manner. There was no connection revealed between pathogenicity of strains and their origin or taxonomic position, however, the castor plant proved to be susceptible to most strains highly pathogenic to other host plants as well. Rhizoctonia zeae (teleomorph: Waitea circinata), a species new for European flora, was less aggressive to R. communis as the most potent R. solani strains. The effect of Rhizoctonia infection on mass accumulation of hypocotyls was more prominent than that on cotyledons. The protein content and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity increased in parallel with evolution of disease syndrome. Metalaxyl, an acetanilide type systemic anti-oomycete fungicide induced locally the GST activity in R. communis cotyledons with 24 hours lag phase, and this induction was altered in the seedlings grown in Rhizoctonia infested soil by strain dependent manner. It might be concluded, that the stress response related detoxication mechanisms of plants in tolerant host/parasite pairs take effect at higher level than in highly susceptible relationships.
Highlights
Castor bean (Ricinus communis L.; Euphorbiaceae) is an oleaginous plant with mean cycle of 150 days for the majority of annual cultivars and 120 to 130 days for annual early cultivars [1]
Rhizoctonia strains infected the germlings of castor beans primarily via root neck in strain dependent manner, and the hypocotyls were shortened and thickened in most of cases even if any other symptoms were absent
Significant individual differences manifested in the evolution of disease syndrome of fungus/host indicating the complex interaction of factors influencing on the type of plant response
Summary
Castor bean (Ricinus communis L.; Euphorbiaceae) is an oleaginous plant with mean cycle of 150 days for the majority of annual cultivars and 120 to 130 days for annual early cultivars [1]. This plant is one of the oldest cultivated crops, but currently it represents only 0.15% of the vegetable oil produced in the world. Having near 1000 industrial uses castor oil is important to industry because it is the only commercial source of a hydroxylated fatty acid This plant has future potential as an industrial oilseed crop because of high seed oil content R. communis is a primary food plant for rearing of cultivated eri silkworm, Samia ricini (Donovan)
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